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Common Causes of Low Sperm Count and How to Treat Them

Male infertility is rising worldwide, and one of the most common issues affecting conception is low sperm count (oligospermia). At SCI IVF Hospital, our fertility specialists treat hundreds of men with low sperm count every year using advanced diagnostics and personalized treatment plans. Understanding the causes and available treatments can help couples take the right steps toward parenthood.

What Is Low Sperm Count?

According to the WHO, low sperm count means having fewer than 15 million sperm per milliliter of semen. Fewer sperm in the semen reduces the chances of fertilizing an egg naturally. With expert evaluation at SCI IVF Hospital, the underlying reason can be identified and treated effectively.

Common Causes of Low Sperm Count

1. Hormonal Imbalances

Hormones such as testosterone, FSH, and LH regulate sperm production. Disorders of the thyroid, pituitary gland, or low testosterone levels can directly affect sperm count.

2. Varicocele

Varicocele, or enlarged veins in the scrotum, is one of the leading and treatable causes of male infertility. It increases heat around the testicles, reducing sperm production and motility. SCI IVF Hospital offers evaluation and referral for treatment when necessary.

3. Infections

STIs, mumps, epididymitis, and prostatitis can damage sperm-producing tissues or block sperm pathways. Early diagnosis and treatment at SCI IVF Hospital can prevent long-term fertility issues.

4. Lifestyle Factors

Habits that significantly contribute to low sperm count include:

  • Smoking and alcohol consumption
  • Steroid or drug use
  • Obesity
  • Stress and inadequate sleep
  • Exposure to heat (saunas, hot tubs, tight underwear)

5. Environmental and Occupational Toxins

Exposure to heavy metals, pesticides, chemicals, and radiation affects sperm DNA quality and reduces sperm count.

6. Medical Conditions

Diabetes, varicocele, genetic disorders (like Klinefelter syndrome), and autoimmune diseases may interfere with normal sperm production.

7. Ejaculation Disorders

Retrograde ejaculation or blockages in the reproductive tract prevent sperm from being released normally.

How Treats Low Sperm Count

1. Lifestyle & Dietary Guidance

Experts at SCI IVF Hospital help men improve their fertility through personalized lifestyle modifications, including:

  • A balanced, nutrient-rich diet
  • Stress reduction techniques
  • Weight management
  • Avoiding alcohol, smoking, and heat exposure

2. Medical & Hormonal Treatment

Doctors may prescribe:

  • Hormonal therapy to balance testosterone, FSH, or LH
  • Antibiotics to treat infections
  • Medications to improve sperm production

Each treatment plan is tailored to the patient’s exact condition.

3. Varicocele Treatment Support

If varicocele is diagnosed, corrective surgery can significantly boost sperm count. SCI IVF Hospital coordinates complete evaluation for the best surgical and fertility outcome.

4. Treating Underlying Diseases

Managing conditions like diabetes or thyroid issues can naturally improve sperm health.

5. Advanced Assisted Reproductive Techniques (ART)

When sperm count remains low despite treatment, SCI IVF Hospital offers world-class fertility solutions such as:

  • IUI (Intrauterine Insemination)
  • IVF (In Vitro Fertilization)
  • ICSI (Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection) — ideal for very low sperm count

ICSI helped countless couples become parents even with severe male infertility issues.

Conclusion

Low sperm count is a challenging yet treatable condition. With accurate diagnosis, expert guidance, and individualized treatment at SCI IVF Hospital, men can significantly improve their fertility and increase their chances of achieving fatherhood. Whether through lifestyle changes, medical therapy, or advanced ART options, the right approach can transform your parenthood journey.

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Location: Delhi, India

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